Bhajan Lal Sharma started his political career with the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh(RSS) since his school days through its student wing the Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad(ABVP). He later went on to become the district co-convener and Co- Zila Pramukh there. He later on went on to join the Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha and become a sarpanch of his native village at the age of 27.
He has been serving as the General Secretary of the Bharatiya Janata Party, Rajasthan for the fourth consecutive term.Sharma unsuccessfully contested in the 2003 Assembly election from the Nadbai Assembly constituency in BharatpurFollowing the 2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election, he was elected as an MLA from the Sanganer Assembly constituency.
On 12 December 2023, a first-time MLA, he was appointed as the 14th Chief Minister of Rajasthan by the Bharatiya Janata Party.